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Hanafi Madhab
The Hanafi school of Islamic jurisprudence is the oldest and most widely followed of the four Sunni legal schools, founded by Abu Hanifa al-Nu’man (699–767 AD) in Kufa, Iraq. The Hanafi school is known for its rationalist approach — extensive use of analogical reasoning (qiyas) and juristic preference (istihsan) to derive rulings where Quran and hadith are silent. Abu Hanifa reportedly relied more on reason and less on weak hadith than other jurists, famously saying he would prioritize the Quran, then Sunnah, then the opinions of the companions, then his own reasoning. The Hanafi school became the official madhab of the Ottoman Empire and is dominant today in Turkey, Central Asia, South Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh), and among many Arab communities. Approximately 45% of Sunni Muslims follow the Hanafi school — making it the single largest legal tradition in Islam.