Kedar (Hebrew: קֵדָר) is the second son of Ishmael (Genesis 25:13) and the eponymous ancestor of the most prominent North Arabian tribal confederation. The Kedarites are the dominant Arab group in the Hebrew Bible — Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel all reference them as powerful desert nomads with vast flocks and skilled archers. Kedar appears in Assyrian annals as a powerful tribal coalition that repeatedly resisted Assyrian expansion. In Islamic tradition, the Prophet Muhammad traces his lineage through Kedar → Adnan → Hashim → Abdullah → Muhammad, making Kedar a direct ancestor of the Prophet. The Kedarites are the historical link between the biblical Ishmaelite tradition and the later Arab tribal world that gives rise to Islam.