Sources: Israeli immigration records; Bene Israel, Cochin, and Baghdadi community histories; Indian post-independence migration accounts.

Indian Jewish Aliyah from the 1950s through the 1970s brought members of several distinct Indian Jewish communities to Israel. Bene Israel families from Maharashtra, Cochin Jews from Kerala, and Baghdadi Jews from Bombay, Calcutta, and other cities moved for religious, Zionist, family, educational, and economic reasons after Indian independence and the creation of Israel. The migration was not a single operation; it unfolded through ships, flights, family sponsorship, youth movements, and community networks.

Indian Jews arrived with different languages and customs: Marathi, Malayalam, Judeo-Arabic, English, Hebrew liturgy, Indian foodways, local music, and memories of relatively low antisemitism compared with many other diasporas. Absorption in Israel brought challenges of classification, employment, housing, and religious status, especially for Bene Israel families who faced some rabbinic marriage restrictions until official resolution. Indian aliyah enriched Israeli society with distinctive synagogue rites, cuisine, military participation, education, and cultural bridges to South Asia.