Jacob Arminius (1560–1609) — a Dutch Reformed theologian — challenged Calvinist double predestination while remaining within the Reformed tradition. The Remonstrance (1610, presented by his followers after his death) articulates five Arminian points against TULIP: conditional election (God elects those he foreknows will believe), unlimited atonement (Christ died for all, not only the elect), prevenient grace (grace enables free response but does not irresistibly compel it), resistible grace (the Spirit can be resisted), and the possibility of falling from grace. The Synod of Dort (1618–19) condemned Arminianism and affirmed Calvinist TULIP. But Arminianism survived and spread — it became the theological foundation of Methodism (John Wesley is explicitly Arminian), most Baptist theology, and most Pentecostal theology. The majority of Protestant Christians worldwide are functionally Arminian.