Sources: Moroccan-Israeli negotiations; Jewish Agency and HIAS records; migration accounts after the sinking of the Egoz.

Operation Yachin was the negotiated emigration of Moroccan Jews from 1961 to 1964 after years of restrictions and clandestine departures. Following Moroccan independence in 1956, Jewish emigration became politically sensitive. The 1961 sinking of the migrant ship Egoz exposed the danger of illegal sea routes and intensified pressure for an organized arrangement. Under King Hassan II, a covert agreement allowed large-scale departure through channels involving Israel, Jewish organizations, and international intermediaries.

The operation moved tens of thousands of Moroccan Jews and became a defining moment in the end of one of the largest Jewish communities in the Islamic world. Departure did not mean simple rejection of Morocco: many families carried deep Moroccan patriotism, Arabic and Judeo-Arabic culture, saint veneration, music, and memory of coexistence alongside fear and uncertainty. In Israel, Moroccan immigrants became a major force in development towns, religious life, politics, popular music, and later movements demanding recognition of Mizrahi and Maghrebi social inequality.